A Marketing Analysis Of Pipers Crisps Marketing Essay

A Marketing Analysis Of Pipers Crisps Marketing Essay A SWOT analysis is a useful approach; it helps to examine a business overview position in relation to its internal and external environments. A SWOT analysis is and how it can be used to assess and plan for business developments(Book 1 what is a business PG 30) From the SWOT analysis; the human resource management, accounting and finance, and marketing functions need to be strengthen. There is no clear organisational structure within the business. The accounting function seems to be lacking clear information on pricing and areas to sell their products. The marketing function seem not to have a clear marketing strategy, as there are no clear lines for targeting customers or promoting the crisp brands. How to strengthen Piper Crisp: Human resources function- Clear organisational structure Accounting function- Set price for their products with more places to sell their products nationally and internationally Marketing function- Needs a clear marketing strategy with co-ordination, involving the 4 Ps price, product, promotion and place to improve the marketing targeting Q B. Piper crisp is a small business and its less likely to have a formal organisational structure. However, it will have its own characteristic culture. Two examples are from Drennan 1992, who proposed there are 12 key factors that shape the culture of a business; the influence of a dominant leader the vision, management style and personality of the founder or leader in a business often has a significant influence on the values that the business tries to promote (Book 1 What is a business PG 47) Having a strong idealistic leader is a common factor Pipers Crisps will have such a defining culture. This is illustrated in the case study by A Albone refusal to sell his crisps for Harrods and Prà ªt a Manager because of his ideals. The second factor that will influence the culture will be its goals and belief goals, values and beliefs reflected in objects, actions and language, that is, in Trice and Beyers symbols (Book 1 what is a business PG 47). The employees will have a common goal and belief within their company. This is showed in the case study by Pipers now creates special packets that include an Eastern Airlines jet in the picture on the front along with other subtle plugs for the airline (ECA PG 9) Piper crisp having a strong leader is where the culture will evolve from, he stands up for his ideals and he is not easily swayed by money or more business, this is showed by him turning down business from Harrods, Prà ªt a manager and major supermarkets. Question 4 Marketing function The marketing mixes are a combination of price, product, promotion and place that help to deliver a product in a successful approach to customersMarketers can influence this positioning by manipulating the marketing mix (Book 4 An introduction to marketing PG 16). Piper crisp does not have a very clear marketing strategy as they are the most expensive crisps on the market. Plus they have limited places to sell their crisp. However relationship marketing through promotional communication seems to be used to attract and keep customers. Francis Buttle 1996 theorized that products today are generally the same, thus its hard to find a clear difference. Product quality has become generally high and businesses have found it increasingly difficult to compete on superior quality alone as most competitors are able to offer similar quality. This is forcing businesses to seek competitive advantage in other ways (Book 4 An introduction to marketing PG 19) Piper crisp is achieving this marketing relationship by not selling in normal supermarkets and turning down well-known businesses to promote their own brand of high quality crisps, creating brand loyalty by stimulating the public awareness by not selling out. This is demonstrated in the newspaper article entitled: The rural revolution by Gareth Chadwick. The Independent Sunday, 20 March 2005 Pipers crisp can increase sales by increasing the use of free publicity of newspapers, media coverage and the internet. This can be achieved by using the internet to promote public interest at a national and global scale to sell their high quality products. Thus amplifying the issues of being a small countryside company trying to take on bigger companies, hopefully this will gain public support to purchase their crisps which would be indicative of the publics ongoing support and solidarity. This is showed in the chart below. Figure 4.4 .The promotional mix (Source: Blythe, 2001, p. 175, Figure 9.3) Q. B To develop a profitable relationship; the internal (Micro) and external (Macro) environment shows a marketing relationship that suggests that Piper crisp is focused on the lifetime value of customers and suppliers. From the case study These suppliers all have a story to tell and we tell it on the packets. Its a kind of joint branding, said Albone. We built our business on our relationship with suppliers (ECA PG 9). This shows that the Biggleswade Company and the Fiaz family are local suppliers and are part of the crisp branding. By building long-term relationships with a smaller number of suppliers they can ensure reliability of supply, both in terms of quality and delivery (Book 4 An introduction to marketing PG 26) The customers are also having a long term marketing relationship with Piper crisp. This is showed in the case study. He argues, undercut his core of original customers; those who backed him in the early years. These are the people who helped me and helped my business (ECA PG 9). This shows that Piper crisps values their customers opinions. Figure 2.1 shows this relationship Customers/ Eastern Airlines Pipers Crisp Biggleswade Fiaz family Q. C From Piper crisp SWOT analysis; two pressing human resources problems are according to Fowler 1996. There are no clear organisational structure in place which includes policies and aims. Secondly, Piper crisp must have the right staff in the right areas of the business, especially if there is a shortfall of quality people to hire. To run a successful business everyone must knows their area of reasonability. Different functions are responsible for making different aspects of the business happen, but have to work together so that overall objectives can be achieved (Book 1 What is a business PG 59) Two problems the accounting and finance function faces are; there is not a standard selling price in the stores for their crisps, this is the basis of accrual accounting; the gross profit The idea is that each sale generates a profit which equals the sale price less the cost of whatever was sold (Book 3 An introduction to accounting and finance in business PG 37); the function has no idea what their products actual selling prices are in the stores. Secondly, places to sell their crisp are limited because A Albone does not want to sell in certain place for example; super markets I dont want to sell to supermarkets, nor produce own label crisps, (ECA PG 9) Question 5 The term power is used to identify an action that someone would not necessarily do without being told or promised something in return. Power, in the human context, has long been recognised as the ability to make someone do what they otherwise would not (Book 5 Different ways of looking at business PG 42). According to Watson, 2001, pp. 322-3, there are 3 dimensions of power. In Piper crisp there are 3 dimensions of power An interpersonal dimension An organisational-structural-cultural dimension A societal-structural-cultural dimension. The interpersonal dimension face of power is on a personal one to one level, this is showed in the case study by R. Lake persuading A. Albone to make crisp for his airline. Although A. Albone said no initially, but it still happened- Richard Lake who owns Eastern Airlines, he says. He wanted us to make Eastern Airline crisps. I said no- Pipers now creates special packets that include an Eastern Airlines jet in the picture (ECA PG9) The organisational-structural-cultural dimension is about the organisational relationships within Piper crisp company. A. Albone is the managing director and also 1 of 3 founders of Pipers crisp. Thus A. Albone will manage the company as he sees fit and his employees will follow his instructions. Plus there are 2 other men that help to invest money to form Pipers crisps. However its A. Albone decisions not to sell to Harrods and Prà ªt a manager. This would have increase sales within the company thus increasing the return on the 2 men investments, selling to the Prà ªt a manager or Harrods did not happen. This is showed in the case study- despite the personal invitation from the nations most famous grocer to produce branded crisps for one of the worlds most famous stores, 44-year-old farmer Alex Albone politely declined and Albone heads the sales team of three (from a staff of 15) (ECA PG 9) The third face of power is the societal-structural-cultural dimension; this involves society. This is when people or groups in society exerts power on someone or the company to do something they would not necessarily have done, this also can be reversed, this is illustrated in the case study by Piper crisp customers. Their customers are disempowered; they have to buy their crisps in certain locations and not readily available in supermarkets because of Pipers crisps decisions not to sell to major retailers. Selling via the likes of Tesco or Sainsburys would also, he argues, undercut his core of original customers; those who backed him in the early years. These are the people who helped me and helped my business. If I sold in the supermarkets it would undermine the value of the brand.(ECA PG 9) Q.B PEST analysis stands for political (P), economic (E), social (S), and technological (T) analysis and describes a framework of external environmental factors. I am going to use this model to discuss Globalisation, Technology and Networks in Piper crisp Globalisation- is term the expansion of business activities It can be defined simply as the expansion of economic activities across political boundaries of nation states (Book 5 Different ways of looking at business PG 32). This is the most important trend. P. In the present; Piper will have political support being a small countryside employer. This is showed by Pipers receiving a grant fund to be started teamed up with two friends to invest  £100,000 plus some grant aid to set up Pipers. (ECA PG 9) In the future Pipers should be able to expand into other countries as there is improved free trading and reduce taxations within the UK and EU borders for small businesses. E. In the present Pipers is economically stable as they are making a profit Last year he saw pre-tax profits of  £80,000 on a  £1.3m turnover. This year he is looking to sell £2m worth of crisps (ECA PG 9). In the future Pipers is looking to increase sales to  £2 million, this can be archived by increasing exports to Norway and Ireland. S. In the UK society we like to eat lots of junk food We are a nation of snackers. (ECA PG 9) In the future this concept is a good working model and Pipers should be able to use this concept in different countries. T. Pipers is a small countryside employer. Piper is very traditionally based Provenance is very important to us. (ECA PG 9) In the future there is room to improve with new machinery for faster production and the use of the internet to market their products. Technology- Is the development of systems to indicate improvement; this can also be information the development and growth of technological innovation which simplifies the production process (Book 5 Different ways of looking at business PG 17) P. In the present Pipers are using the newspapers to gain public support about their issues of being a small town manufacturer taking on the big chains in Harrods and Prà ªt a manager I dont want to sell to supermarkets, nor produce own label crisps, (ECA PG 9) This will be a local political debate about the support of small enterprise. In the future if Pipers continue to view their issues via the internet and mass media coverage this might be a national political issue Business is booming again in the countryside but it needs more support if it is going to continue to grow The Independent Sunday, 20 March 2005. E. In the present Pipers will more likely be using information technology, to calculate their exports and accounts Last year he saw pre-tax profits of  £80,000 on a  £1.3m turnover. (ECA PG 9) In the future this can be improved with new software for more timely and accurate information. S. In the present, Pipers is using also using information technology to market their products to society. In the future the internet and mass media can be used more to target consumers. T. In the present, Pipers might be using airplanes and trucks to distribute their products locally and internationally it means Pipers crisps are available across the UK (ECA PG 9) In the future; Pipers might be using more airplanes to distribute their product nationally and internationally because it adds greater value or return to the business. Networks- are used to describe flexibility of teams or smaller divisions within business for a business to be flexible and manage quick responses without tying up resources (either assets or people) that are needed for other functions (Book 5 Different ways of looking at business PG 29) P. In the present, Pipers does not have much flexibility in dealing with political issues, a tax increase on small businesses might be detrimental to Pipers financial overview But rural businesses make a surprisingly healthy contribution to the overall performance of the UK economy (ECA PG 9). In the future, Pipers might be able to pressure governments, if the company increases in size and is large enough to cause mass unemployment, by ceasing operations in a certain country or town. E. In the present, Pipers have a profitable relationship with their suppliers. They are part of the crisp branding These suppliers all have a story to tell, and we tell it on the packets. Its a kind of joint branding (ECA PG 9). In the future, pipers might want to buy these small suppliers to secure the branding rights and increase the efficiency of the supplier chain. S. Presently, Pipers is using their brand to create loyalty from customers. In the future Pipers might have a reward scheme or promotional cards to buy crisps at discount prices, thus reducing the need for general marketing. This will provide Pipers with a database of customers names and addresses. T. Currently, Pipers is using information for marketing and sales. In the future this can be improved with new software and by the use of internet technology to increase sales. Word count: 2489

Explain the Principal Psychological Perspectives Essay

The behaviourist perspective is an idea that we can understand any type of behaviour by looking at what the person has learner. This includes personality traits such as shyness, confidence, optimism or pessimism. Behaviourist psychologists explain all human behaviour as resulting from experience. Two key psychologists are Pavlov and Skinner, although these two theorists believed that different processes were involved, they both explained all types of behaviour as being the result of learning. This is everything from shyness to aggression and happiness to depression. Classical conditioning was a theory developed by a Russian psychologist called Ivan Pavlov. He was working with dogs to investigate their digestive system. The dogs were attached to a harness and Pavlov attached monitors to their stomachs and mouths so he could measure the rate of salivation. He noticed that the dog began to salivate when someone entered the room with a bowl of food, but before the dog had eaten the food. Since salivation is a reflex response, this seemed unusual. Pavlov decided that the dog was salivating because it had learned to associate the person with the food. He then developed a theory. Food automatically led to the salivation response, since this response had not been learned, he called this an unconditioned response, which is a response that regularly occurs when an unconditioned stimulus is presented. As food automatically leads to this response, he called this an unconditioned stimulus, which is a stimulus that regularly and consistently leads to an automatic response. Pavlov then presented food at the same time as ringing a bell (neutral stimulus), to see if the dog would learn to associate the bell with the food. After several trials, the dog learned that the bell was associated with food and eventually it began to salivate only when the bell was rung and no food was presented. It therefore had learned the conditioned response of salivation to the conditioned stimulus, the conditioned response is a new, learned response to a previously neutral stimulus that mimics the response to the unconditioned stimulus. The Conditioned stimulus is a neutral stimulus that, when paired with the unconditioned stimulus, produces a conditioned response, just as the unconditioned response used to. Operant conditioning was a theory created by an American psychologist called Burrhus Frederic Skinner. Skinner worked mostly with rats and pigeons to discover key principles of learning new behaviours. He used a device called a Skinner box, the box contains a lever which, when pressed, releases a food pellet into the box which therefore should reinforce lever-pressing behaviour. When the rat is first placed in the box it will run around and sniff the various items and at some point it will press the lever, releasing the food pellet. When the rat has performed this action several times, it will learn that this behaviour is automatically followed by the release of a food pellet. Because the pellet is reinforcing, this consequence increases the probability of the behaviour being repeated. The two types of reinforcement are positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement. Positive reinforcement is when the consequence following a particular behaviour is experienced as desirable. Negative reinforcement is when behaviour results in a consequence that removes something unpleasant. Skinner tested the negative reinforcement by running a very low electrical current on the floor of the skinner box. The current would be de-activated if the rat pressed the lever. The lever pressing was therefore negatively reinforcing. Social learning theory: There are many influences on our behaviour, this comes from peers, siblings, parents, television, sports and celebrities. According to the social learning theory, role models are very important. The likelihood of imitating behaviours is strongly influenced by the way we perceive the person performing the behaviour. If we observe the behaviour of someone we admire, we are more likely to imitate their behaviour. For example, if someone such as Bradley wiggins recommends that we should wear a cycle helmet, we are much more likely to imitate this behaviour as we are closer to being like this admired model. But, if someone we look down on recommends that we do the same, we are much less likely to do so as we do not want to be perceived as the person we look down on. Certain attributes of a person determine whether the behaviour is more likely to be imitated, these attributes include; gender, similarity to ourselves, status, prestige, competence and fame. Our behaviour is also influenced by the presence of other, no matter how much we believe ourselves to be individuals. Culture is the shared values, norms, language, customs and practices of a group. It also refers to different sub-groups within society. It is important to understand how culture affects our behaviour in order to gain a full understanding of the people we encounter and those we work with. Watson found that the average amount of eye contact made varied between countries, with high degrees of eye contact being seen as insolent by some Africans and East Asians, whereas among Indians and Latin-Americans this was seen as desirable. The self-fulfilling prophecy is a concept in psychology that has an impact on the way we behave towards others and expect them to behave towards us. If we believe ourselves to be worthwhile, pleasant and likeable then we will almost certainly be polite and cheerful towards those we meet, therefore it will create a favourable impression. In response, those who come into contact with us perceive us favourably and behave in a positive way towards us, this results in our positive self-beliefs being confirmed. On the other hand, if we are angry and feel the whole world is against us, then we are likely to behave in a more aggressive way and therefore this is how we will be responded to, which will confirm our views of ourselves and the world. The Psychodynamic approach: This approach was created by an Austrian psychologist called Sigmund Freud. Freud was one of the earliest thinkers to bring to public attention the idea that we are not always aware of all aspects of ourselves. He said that we’re are aware of things in our conscious mind, but things like our memories, feelings and past experiences are locked up in a part of our mind called the unconscious. We can’t access the unconscious part of our minds but they leak out in dreams or through a slip of the tongue. Part of the unconscious that we can easily access he called the pre-conscious. This contains information that isn’t in the conscious part of our minds but can be easily retrieved. Freud believed that early experiences determine behaviours later in life. He developed the psychosexual theory, he believed we all go through several stages of psychosexual development. At each stage, the individuals libido is focused on a part of the body that is particularly relevant at that stage. If the needs are met for the developing child at each stage, it moves on to the next development stage. If there is a struggle or conflict, the individual becomes stuck at this stage. This results in certain personality traits, which are carried through into adulthood and which can explain behaviour in later life. The earliest stage is the ‘oral stage’, the focus here is on the mouth and consists of behaviours such as sucking, biting and licking. Freud believed that, either, the infant was weaned too early and would feel under-gratified and unsatisfied and would develop into a pessimistic sarcastic person. On the other hand, the infant was weaned too late and would develop a gullible personality and naively trust in others. This stage lasts from birth to approximately 18 months. If the infant passes through the oral stage without becoming stuck, the next stage is the ‘anal stage’, which lasts from approximately one to three years. The libido here is focused on aspects to do with potty training. If there is a battle with parents about potty training, with the child feeling forced to use the potty before they are ready. The child may rebel by retaining their faeces, therefore holding on to the control and withholding satisfaction from the parents. This is called ‘anally retentive’ and is associated with later personality traits such as obstinacy, miserliness and obsessive traits. The alternative is that the child is not given enough boundaries over potty training so they take pleasure in excretion and become a messy, creative, disorganised person. During the ages of four to five, a child passes through the ‘phallic stage’. Fixation at this stage is associated with anxiety and guilty feelings about sex and fear about castration for males. If this stage is not resolved, Freud suggests that a boy may become homosexual and a girl may become a lesbian. Between the ages of five to seven and the onset of puberty, a child enters the ‘latency stage’, it is not a developmental stage but is when the focus is on social pursuits such as sport, academic excellence and the development of friendships. The final stage is the ‘gential stage’, this begins at puberty. Freud believed that the less fixated a child has become during the earlier stages, the more easily this stage will be negotiated, resulting in the ability to form strong heterosexual relationships, with the ability to be warm and loving as well as receive love in a mature way. Another important feature of early experiences is the development of ego defence mechanisms. An ego is the part of the mind whose function it is to moderate the demands of the id and prevent the superego being too harsh. It operates on the reality principle. The use of a defence mechanism allows us to block out events that threaten to overwhelm us. Examples of ego defences are things such as repression which allows a person to forget an event such as a traumatic event. Regression is reverting to an earlier stage of development such as wetting the bed when gaining a new sibling despite never doing so before. Denial is pushing an event or emotion out of the conscious mind, such as denying that a loved one has died. Displacement is redirecting desires onto a safe object, such as taking your anger out on someone you love because of someone else giving you a hard time. Freud suggested that the mind is divided into three dynamic parts which he called the ‘psyche’. The ‘id’ is the part of the mind which is completely unconscious and exists at birth. It is focused on getting what is wants and has aggressive, sexual and loving instincts, such as ‘i want’. The ‘superego’ is a result of socialisation and consists of all the instructions, morals and values that are repeatedly reinforced when growing up. It consists of an internalisation of all the values of right and wrong we have been socialised to believe in, it is our conscience and represents a view of our ideal self. The main role of the superego is to subdue the activity of the id. The ego tries to balance the id and the superego. It is the rational part of the mind. Different behaviours can be understood by trying to infer which part of the psyche is dominant at any time. For example, a person who is submissive, guilty and always wanting to please others may have a very strong superego. A person who is impulsive, careless of other people’s feelings and does not care about the consequences of their actions will have a very strong id. A person who can be submissive but assertive when need be, who is able to think about other peoples needs but value their own can probably balance the id and superego. Eric Erikson was a psychologist who agreed with much of Freuds theory that we developed through a series of stages. Although, he believed these continued throughout our lifetime and were essentially social in nature. He believed that Freud put too much emphasis on desire and not enough on our need to be accepted by society and lead a meaningful life. Erikson suggested that we move through a series of psychosocial crises with a different social focus at each stage. The Humanistic perspective: Humanistic psychology looks at human experience from the viewpoint of an individual, it focuses on the idea of free will and that we are all capable of making our own choices. Maslow is an American psychologist who believed that we are all seeking to be the best we can both, spiritually, physically, emotionally and intellectually. He called this self-actualisation. He made a theory called the hierarchy of needs, which explains that every person requires certain basic needs to be met before they can reach the next level. Maslow believed that until our basic needs are met, we will focus on getting them met and not be able to progress further. When we are comfortable physically, we focus on our emotional needs such as self-esteem. When these needs are met we strive to self-actualise. Carl rogers was a psychologist who was interested in the concept of self. Self-concept refers to the way we view ourselves, this is physically and biologically, attributes such as being male or female, blonde or brunette, tall or short, as well as personality traits such as being kind, humble, assertive or hard-working. The self-concept is formed from an early age and children internalise other people’s judgements of them, which may become a part of their self-concept. Internalise is the way we take in information from the outside world and build into our sense of self. It then becomes part of our feelings, thoughts and beliefs about ourselves. If a child is told they’re silly, naughty and will come to no good, part of their self-aspect will contain these aspects. On the other hand, if a child is praised and encouraged to succeed, they will have positive self-concept. The cognitive/information processing perspective: Jean piaget was a Swiss psychologist who initially worked on measuring intelligence. He noticed that children on the same ages make the same mistakes in logic, no matter how bright they were. He came to the conclusion that cognition develops through a series of stages, each new stage building on the previous one. Birth to 1 Â ½ or 2 years ‘the sensorimotor stage’ – Learning to use senses and muscles – thinking without language. Babies are born with the ability to sense objects, they are also born with a range of reflexes such as the sucking reflex to enable them to feed. These reflexes lead to ‘motor actions’ controlling body muscles. The sensorimotor stage is a stage when thinking is limited to sensing objects and performing motor actions. Piaget believed that a baby would not have a working system for remembering and thinking about the world until they were about 18 months old. 2-7 years ‘the pre-operational stage’ – Pre-logical thinking in language but without understanding logic. Piaget believed that during this stage, children could not think in a logical way. Children can use words to communicate but cannot understand logical implications involved in language. Pre-operational children cannot properly understand how ideas like number, mass and volume really work. 7-11 years ‘the concrete operational stage’ – A stage where logical thinking is limited to practical situations. Children in the concrete operations stage can think logically provided the issues are concrete. In the concrete operational stage children may be able to understand simple logical puzzles. 11+ years ‘the formal operational stage’ – Thinking using logic and abstract thought processes – adult thinking. With formal logic, an adult can solve complex problems. This stage allows adolescents and adults to use abstract concepts to gain understanding of the world. Adults can think scientifically and think through complicated ideas in our head without having to see the concrete picture. George Kelly developed a psychological theory called the psychology of personal constructs. He saw the individual as a scientist, making predictions about the future, testing them and revising them according to new evidence. A construct is a way of construing reality and the environment. Kelly believed that we do not have to be constrained by our past history but can seek out new, alternative, more positive meanings. The biological perspective: Maturational theory – this theory holds that the effects of the environment are minimal. A child is born with a set of genetic instructions that are passed down from their parents. Their cognitive, physical and other developmental processes merely unfold over time, rather than being dependent on the environment to mature. It is a theory which states that development is due to nature not nurture. Arnold Gesell believed that development occurred according to a sequence of developmental processes. Development in the womb has a fixed set of stages; the heart begins to form first, along with a nervous system. Bones and muscles develop next and over time the organism develops into a fully functioning human being. As the child develops from birth, its genes allow it to develop gradually into the person they’re meant to be. Genes can affect behaviour in many ways. Many diseases such as Cystic fibrosis and Huntington’s disease are passed on through parents genes. Diseases such as these are genetically determined, regardless of environmental factors. Disorders that are not genetically determined, but where an individual’s genes may leave them with a vulnerability to developing the disorder are very common. The autonomic nervous system produces its effects through activation of nerve fibres throughout the nervous system, brain and body or by stimulating the release of hormones from endocrine glands. Hormones are biochemical substances that are release into the bloodstream and have a profound effect on target organs and behaviour. They are present in very small quantities and individual molecules have a very short life, so their effects quickly disappear if they are secreted continiously. There are a large number of hormones, such as, melatonin which acts on the brainstem sleep mechanisms to help synchronise the phases of sleep and activity. Testosterone, which may influence aggressiveness, and oxytocin which stimulates milk production and female orgasms.

Canadian House of Commons Question Period

In Canada, Question Period is a daily 45-minute period in the House of Commons. This period allows the members of Parliament to hold the prime minister, the Cabinet  and the House of Commons committee chairs accountable by asking questions about policies, decisions, and legislation. What Happens During Question Period? Opposition members of Parliament and occasionally other members of ​Parliament ask questions to get the prime minister, Cabinet  ministers and House of Commons committee chairs to defend and explain their policies and the actions of the departments and agencies for which they are responsible. The provincial and territorial legislative assemblies have a similar Question Period. Questions may be asked orally without notice or may be submitted in writing after notice.  Members who are not satisfied with the answer they receive to a question may pursue the matter at greater length during the Adjournment Proceedings, which occur every day except Friday. Any member can ask a question, but the time is set aside almost exclusively for the opposition parties to confront the government and hold it accountable for its actions. The opposition typically uses this time to highlight the perceived inadequacies of the government. The Speaker of the House of Commons oversees Question Period and may rule questions out of order. The Purpose of Question Period Question Period reflects the concerns of national political life and is closely followed by members of Parliament, the press and the public. Question Period is the most visible part of the Canadian House of Commons schedule  and gets extensive media coverage. Question Period is televised and  is that part of the parliamentary day where the government is held accountable for its administrative policies and the conduct of its Ministers, both individually and collectively.  Question Period is also a major tool for members of Parliament to use in their roles as constituency representatives and government watchdogs.

Essay on Poverty in America - 1394 Words

The Background of Poverty in America In the United States today there are many reforms that had been made to help cope with those who are living in poverty. However, these reforms have been keeping many from being able to climb the social class ladder because the â€Å"War on Poverty† has not been effective on ridding poverty in the U.S. According to the Heritage Foundation, there are about forty six million people who are living in poverty and it is a conflict in this country because it puts people of lower class at a disadvantage because they have to choose between necessities like healthcare, child care and food in order to help themselves and their family members; therefore, many sacrifices have to be made to insure their survival. Though†¦show more content†¦Since 1964, President Johnson declared an â€Å"unconditional war against poverty† in his State of the Union. The Johnson Administration passed many reforms such as the Social Security Act, Food Stamp Act, Economic Opportunity Act, and the Elementary and Secondary Education Act to aid the 19% who were suffering through poverty at that time and these reforms were able to help lower poverty rates in the U.S to 11.1% for the next decade (Raab, 2013). Though many of these reforms were able to help the lower class, the reforms were unable to keep up with the increasing standard of living. Under President Obama, the U.S still uses these reforms that were passed under the Johnson administration. From his first term, President Obama has been on the issue of poverty in America and has promised many he would help the lower class improve their economic conditions. Nevertheless, the talks Obama gives on this issue has demonstrated little rhetorical leadership and has only emphasized issues related to poverty which makes him similar to past presidents. Today about 14.6 percent of the population (Raab,2013) are still living in poverty and this pressing issue will not change if presidents conti nue to direct people on what to do about poverty, change would not be made. Instead, presidents should facilitate this problem because there needs to be more drastic changes that will help the lower class. Conflict Theory Conflict theory was first introduced by Karl Marx who saw that classShow MoreRelatedPoverty in America840 Words   |  4 Pagesabout poverty’s history in America and its definition, the causes/reasons of poverty, the effects of poverty on America, and the salaries of people in poverty. Poverty is the state or condition of having little to no money or goods. In America, poverty started being a major issue in the late 1950s when it reached 22.4 percent of the American population. Throughout the 1960s, poverty steadily declined, and reached 11.1 percent in the year 1973. Over the next 10 years, poverty alternated between 11.1Read MorePoverty in America1093 Words   |  5 PagesPoverty in America Poverty, the state of being extremely poor, exists all over America! There are several different types of poverty, and the causes of poverty. Most people think of poverty as just somebody who is homeless and has no job, somebody who has no money to support the basic needs of life, and wears ragged clothing and lives under a bridge. What people don’t know is there are people living in poverty that have jobs and make money but live so poorly that they are categorized with peopleRead MorePoverty in America1999 Words   |  8 PagesPoverty in America A Social Problem 3/22/2013 Rebecca McNamara Abstract Poverty has been around as long as there has been an America. Programs have been set in place to help offset the issue, such as Food Stamps and housing. The government’s implementation of some of these programs is to ensure that the poor have a place to sleep and adequate meals to eat. There are issues with these programs that contribute to the furthering of poverty, but for the most part are more helpful than harmfulRead MorePoverty in America1874 Words   |  8 PagesPoverty is an epidemic that has swept the American nation many times over. Whether it be quietly lingering under the surface, or blatantly staring us in the face as it is in this current recession, it affects people across America on individual, community and national levels alike. While there are many causes and effects of poverty, it is important to view the issue of poverty and its causes from all angles when one seeks to tackle the problem. These factors include socio-economic status, mentalRead Morepove rty in america2346 Words   |  10 Pagesï » ¿ Poverty has always been with us from beggars outside the gates of Jerusalem to the mentally ill homeless woman in the park. America is known for our huge difference in culture and class. This is due partly to the dynamics behind the political decisions of this country. The president himself admits that America is more unequal than it’s been since the great depression and many of his own supporters say he has failed. America now has, by many standards, the lowest social mobility of all of the high-endRead MoreCause Of Poverty In America787 Words   |  4 Pagesyou can see, there are more than the basics of poverty. These poor people struggle on a daily basis to provide the needs of themselves and their family. Poverty affects adults and their children in so many ways. I believe that poverty should be one of the main focuses of America. I have deep sorrow for these people doing whatever they can to make money. I think that poverty needs to be decreased in the United States. I d on’t know how the people in poverty do it. They have a weight that they are carryingRead MorePoverty in Latin America1502 Words   |  6 Pages Poverty, or the inability to afford basic human needs, is an issue that is spread worldwide. There are people everywhere who cannot afford shelter, food, healthcare, or education. It seems easy enough to ignore the bum asking for change on the street, but it becomes near impossible in regions where whole families are begging on the street. This rings true in Latin America and it is extremely frustrating to see social inequality this extreme. This essay will examine how much poverty exists inRead MoreThe Socialization Of Poverty : America1552 Words   |  7 PagesThe Socialization of Poverty. Envision America different from what we know. A different, yet real America, which exists in a time unknown, an America that is no longer governed by hate and cruelty. Imagine parents no longer struggling to pay the bills, no people lying ill on the streets, or children starving at night. A time where a specific economic status does not evoke disapproval, crime, and suspicions. Imagine America healing and progressing from its earlier judgments and degradation of peopleRead MorePoverty And Its Effects On America1380 Words   |  6 PagesWhat are the main reasons there is so much poverty in America? In the past 30 years, poverty has increased drastically leaving many people homeless and helpless. Adults, as well as the children, are left on the streets to seek different ways to aid their families. If a working family member is injured, then it is up to the others to find ways to care for the injured and at the same time set food on the table. Many women also work to aid their families , however, when a woman works at a factory sheRead MorePoverty And Its Effects On America894 Words   |  4 PagesPoverty is one of largest problem in the whole world, because thousands of people are affected by this major concern. Poverty is an issue that inflicts many dangerous situations, such as, crimes, diseases, lack of literacy, hard labor, etc., and therefore, it is essential to resolute before it gets worse. For example, United States is having risen in unemployment rates, which indicates the early symptoms, that citizens have started submerging into poverty. In most of the poor countries crime ratio