Businesses Are Completely Incompatible With Virtue Ethics...

Businesses are completely incompatible with virtue ethics. Discuss. Business ethics is concerned with how well a business treats its stakeholders and whether a business’s actions are seen as ethical. Within business ethics there are three approaches which could be adopted. The first approach is that a business’s main goal could be to maximise profits and nothing more, where the ethics of the business wouldn’t necessarily be important. This view is supported by Milton Friedman. Secondly, some ethicists believe that businesses have moral responsibility to their stakeholders whether that is the employees, consumers or the local community. Finally, the last approach is the social contract theory that is based on the ideas of John Rawls. This†¦show more content†¦Kant says ‘In law a man is guilty when he violates the rights of others. In ethics he is guilty if he only thinks of doing so.’ This means that even if a person thinks of doing bad towards another person they are seen as being unethical and therefore not following through with the virtues. Another reason as to why businesses are seen as compatible with virtue ethics is because out of all the ethical theories, virtue ethics is the most modern. This means that with the modern world of business virtue ethics is most parallel, this is because it is adapted to the modern day. Also, as the virtues are present in modern times as well as in the past, employers will know what traits to have when dealing with their employees. Virtue ethics is also concerned about reaching eudemonia (the supreme good) is very important for an individual but also for the community, but it’s more important for a community to achieve eudaimonia rather than an individual. This could mean that businesses are seen as compatible with virtue ethics because if a firm seeks to achieve eudaimonia within a community then the maximum amount of good is created within a community, which means it also then links in with utilitarianism that seeks the greatest good for the greatest number. There are many areas of concern within business ethics, whether it is whistleblowing, globalisation or the relationship between employers and employees. In the case of whistleblowing, theShow MoreRelatedCustomer Perception on Buying House5873 Words   |  24 PagesReasoning Adapted from Business Ethics, Concepts and Cases: Manuel Velasquez (2006) Prentice Hall Utilitarianism Utilitarianism is a general term for any view that holds that actions and policies should be evaluated on the basis of the benefits and costs they will impose on society. In any situation, the â€Å"right† action or policy is the one that will produce the greatest net benefits or the lowest net costs (when all alternatives have only net costs). Many businesses rely on such utilitarian cost-benefitRead MoreThe Vocation of the Business Leader: A Reflection15551 Words   |  63 PagesBusiness Leader†, came to light. 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She also has interest in organizational learning, entrepreneurship and innovation. `  ´ Domenec Mele is Professor and Director of the Department of Business Ethics at IESE Business School, UniversityRead MoreSales and Marketing for Financial Institutions80443 Words   |  322 PagesTopic 5 Topic 6 Topic 7 Topic 8 Topic 9 Introduction to marketing Introduction to sales The financial services customer Marketing and sales strategy Acquiring customers Making the most of channels Managing customer relationships Legal compliance and ethics in marketing and sales The bottom line — measuring the effectiveness of marketing and sales Introduction Subject aims In a competitive, demand-driven financial services environment, an understanding of sales and marketing is crucial to successRead MoreHbr When Your Core Business Is Dying74686 Words   |  299 PagesGary Carini (gary_carini@baylor.edu) is a professor of strategic management and the Why should multinationals doing RD in China be pleased that a Chinese ï ¬ rm recently sued an American company for patent theft? Because it suggests that Chinese businesses are gradually acknowledging the importance of intellectual property rights. China is attractive as an RD site because of its increasing supply of top talent and the low cost of doing research. By the end of 2004, there were more than 600 RD centersRead MoreTorts study notes Essay17110 Words   |  69 Pagesliability rule, even when that rule is primarily justified in deterrence terms. Granted, the prophylactic quality of the rule prevents the rule from securing the active endorsement of corrective justice, but it does not follow that the rule is incompatible with corrective justice. After all, the rule’s concern for the employer’s possible failure to adopt reasonable safety measures171 gives the rule something of a corrective justice dimension.172 Given that dimension, and given also the advance n oticeRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338 Developing Leadership. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340 15—Ethics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346 Ethics in Modern Organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 Ethics—A Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 Contents xiii The Importance of Ethics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 The Ethical Information Professional . . . . . . . . . . . . Read MoreCase Study148348 Words   |  594 Pagesrevenues. The levels of strategy: MySpace is of course concerned with business-level strategy, how to compete against Facebook and the like. News Corporation’s issues however are corporatelevel: how should it manage its whole portfolio of different businesses, including MySpace? The Exploring Strategy Model: As indicated later in the Chapter, there are issues here that relate to all three circles of the Exploring Strategy Model. For example, environmental change relates to Positioning; how to compete

Request for Proposal Free Essays

Technical Writing Fundamental 18 August 2010 Microsoft Computer Desktop Software Training Request for Proposals General Information Prestige Worldwide is preparing to upgrade its computer desktop operating systems and productivity software applications from Windows Vista to Windows 7 and Microsoft Office Professional 2010. Part of the implementation plan is to provide training for all software applications within Windows 7 and Microsoft Office Professional 2010 to all thirty employees. Summary Currently, Prestige Worldwide, Information Technology Division is planning to upgrade our company’s computer software to Windows 7 and Microsoft Office Professional 2010. We will write a custom essay sample on Request for Proposal or any similar topic only for you Order Now Making training available for all thirty employees will be part of the software upgrade plan. Prestige Worldwide desires to enter into a contracted agreement with a software training vendor for the training needs of this software upgrade project, as well as for other â€Å"as needed† software application training needs. Recent surveys conducted by the IT Division on training topics, showed in addition to traditional classroom instruction, there was a high percent of company employees who prefer to receive their training via online methods. Survey revealed that those who preferred classroom training, preferred to receive training â€Å"on-site. † As result of company employee surveys, we will be looking toward facilitating these training needs within our organization. Prestige Worldwide will be soliciting vendors that can facilitate both classroom instruction and online web based training. We may select multiple vendors to satisfy our training requirement providing both classroom instruction, and online web-based training. Prestige Worldwide- Information Technology Division (IT) will award the contracted services to the vendor(s) that provide the best value for the desired methods to meet our company training needs. Prestige Worldwide will provide on-site classroom facilities at its San Diego Ca office location, which can accommodate training from one to a group of 30 employees. If you have any question about this proposal, please contact: Dale Doback or Brennan Huff Information Technology Manger Prestige Worldwide Inc. 4545 Viewridge Ave San Diego, Ca 92123 Office: (619)964-2938 E-Mail: Nighthawk@prestigeworldwide. com Purpose As part of the operating system up date to the Windows 7 and Microsoft Office 2010, upgrade. Prestige Worldwide desires to make available software training to all its company employees to assimilate to the new software functions and to maintain level of proficiency, as well as to learn all the new capabilities and features that will increase the skill set of the user of Windows 7 and Microsoft Office Professional 2010. Prestige Worldwide is looking for training that will accomplish this objective. Among criteria and specifications are, but not limited to * Training levels: Beginning, Intermediate, and Advance for 30 employees. * Provide assessment tool for proper course level. * Ability to complete all required training for 30 employees within the allotted 3-week timeframe. * Core desktop software training for Microsoft Office 2010, Word, Excel, Outlook, PowerPoint, Access and Publisher * Microsoft Certified Trainers * Onsite Instructor-led training Fully hosted, online web-based training * Customized training * Provide course materials, training aids, and related training software. Response and Performance Expectations Executive Summary Provide a brief summary describing training, offerings, and methods. Description of Organization and Qualifications Provide a description of the business, history, and organizational structure of the organization. Experience on similar training engagements Summarie s or brief descriptions of minimum of three training engagements that are similar to the requirements of this training. References must be for services provides within the past two years. Include the name of the client and a point of contact, date of training provided. Post-Training Support Detail any post-training support and resources that are available once training is completed. Pricing Provide detailed pricing of all cost associated for the desired training. Please Include any additional cost that may be incurred. To include * Assessment testing * Training materials * Training computer setup * Group classes onsite * Individual training * Online, web-based training Vendor Submittals Response to the RFP must include the following information * Name, address and telephone number of your company * List of individuals and/or vendors comprising the team for this project and what specific role each role will take in completing the work. * Provide a detailed summary of your experience in similar training engagements. Include names, address, and phone numbers of clients. Vendors may include the following supplemental material You may provide any material not specifically required as supplemental information. Additional material may include the following. * Additional information, and/or descriptions of similar training engagements you have completed. * Additional promotional material describing your firm and its services. * Additional customer references. Selection Criteria Contract award will be based on pricing, and performance. The following criteria shall be used to evaluate the proposals. * The proven ability of the training methods to meet IT’s objectives and experience in similar training engagements. * Understanding of the roject and responsiveness to the RFP * Staff assigned * Cost Prestige Worldwide anticipates working with the most qualified vendor during Selection in order to assure the training proposed fully meets the Company’s needs. As a result, final cost of the contract may vary from the submitted cost. Submission Information Responses to the RFP must be submitted on or before October 20, 2010 at 4:00pm PST. Responses can be delivered by mail, delivery, or personally to: Prestige Worldwide Contracting Office 4545 Viewridge Ave San Diego, Ca 92123 Attention: Dale Doback or Brennan Huff RE: Microsoft Computer Desktop Software Training Schedule of Activities Please note that dates are subject to change based on Prestige Worldwide- Information Technology needs. Items Dates RFP Issue DateOctober 01, 2010 Proposal Inquiry DeadlineOctober 05, 2010 Response in Writing, to QuestionsOctober 10, 2010 RFP Submission DeadlineOctober 20, 2010 DiscussionsOctober 21, 2010 Anticipated Award of ContractNovember 01, 2010 How to cite Request for Proposal, Papers

Taxable Capital Gains Resident Fred Samples-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Describe about the Taxable Capital Gains for Resident Fred. Answer: 1. This case requires determining the net taxable capital gains for FY2016 for an Australian resident Fred. The capital gains are derived by Fred due to sale of a house in the FY2016 for $ 800,000. It is noteworthy that since the contract enactment date and the receipts of proceeds both lie in FY2016, thus the capital gains arising from the house sale would also be taxed in the same year i.e. FY2016. As per the given question, the asset purchase happened in 1987 and thus any capital gains derived would be taxable under CGT as the cut-off date in relation to application of CGT is September 20, 1985 (Nethercott, Richardson Devos, 2016). With regards to computation of taxable gains, for individual taxpayers such as Fred, there are potentially two options i.e. Discount method and Indexation method (CCH, 2013). The discount method in accordance with Section 115-25 allows for 50% reduction in the long term capital gains derived from asset liquidation which is not available in indexation method (Barkoczy, 2015). The indexation method on the other hand to lower the CGT liabilities relies on escalation of the cost base by adjusting for the rise in inflation as dictated by Section 114-1 (Gilders et, al., 2016). In the given case, preference has been accorded to discount method as this would yield lower taxable capital gains for Fred and hence would be preferred by Fred. Asset Cost base The cost base is defined in accordance with Section 110-25. It primarily constitutes following element (Gilders et, al., 2016). Acquisition cost of asset Incidental costs that the taxpayer incurs during buying the asset Incidental costs that the taxpayer incurs during selling or disposing the asset Capital costs that significantly enhance the asset value Costs incurred to maintain the title on the asset Determination of the capital gains from liquidation of holiday home Proceeds from sale (2015/2016) = $800,000 Acquisition cost (1987) = $100,000 Incidental expenses which taking possession of house = (Legal Fees + Stamp Duty) = 1,000+2,000 = $3,000 Incidental expenses which disposing the house asset = (Legal Fees + Agent Commission) = 1,100 + 9,900 = $ 11,000 Capital expense undertaken for building of garage which would enhance the property value = $20,000 Thus, cost base of holiday home = 100,000 + 3,000 + 11,000 + 20,000 = $ 134,000 Capital gains obtained from sale of holiday day =Sales proceeds Asset Cost Base = 800,000 134,000 = $666,000 Also, accumulated losses of capital nature from share sale the previous year = $ 10,000 Due to the comparable characteristics of property and share, the corresponding gains and losses can be adjusted due to which the previous share loss will be accommodated in the property gains experienced in FY2016 (Deutsch et. al., 2015). FY2016 Net capital gains (Fred) = Home capital gains Share accumulated capital loss = 666,000 10,000 = $656,000 The holding period of the asset is clearly more than a year, hence as per discount method, a rebate of 50% is made available with CGT being chargeable on the residual 50%. Thus, CGT chargeable capital gains for Fred (FY2016) = 0.5*656,000 = $ 328,000 Occurrence of accumulated capital loss occurred on account of antique vase sale In the given case, the accumulated capital loss from previous year unlike in the previous case would not be accommodated due to difference in characteristics of property and antiques items. As a result, the loss would continue to be carried forward till that time in the future when there is some antiques gain against which this could be offset. Hence, in FY2016, this capital gain loss would have no impact as shown below (Sadiq et. al., 2016). CGT chargeable capital gains for Fred (FY2016) = 50% of capital gains from holiday home = =$333,000 2. As per the relevant case details, Periwinkle as the employer is providing a host of fringe benefit to Emma as the employee and the potential tax implications of the same are discussed at length below. Car fringe benefit Section 8, FBTAA86 states that fringe benefit is considered to be present only when the vehicle purchased by employer is used by employee for personal use. The given case information is indicative that Emma does use the car for her personal purposes as well and hence it would be fair to opine that car fringe benefit is indeed present (Barkoczy, 2015). The approach used for computation of the tax implications of this benefit is in line with Section 39F and is stated as follows (Wilmot, 2012). The requisite inputs in the above formula are shown below, Capital value of the car provided by employer = Money spent by employer to buy vehicle Repair expenses incurred= (33,000 550) = $ 32,450 For any car purchased in the aftermath of April 1, 2014 then the statutory percentage that would be appropriate for use is 20% irrespective of the distance travelled during the year by the employee (ATO, 2016b). Availability of car use for the employee Emma = 366 (Calendar days FY2016) 30 (April 1 to May 1, 2015) 5 (Gone for repairs) = 331 days It is worth notice that deduction for ten days has not been made when car was parked at the airport since the unavailability was of Emma and not of the car and hence no deduction claimed for the same in days (Gilders et. al., 2016). CFB (grossed up value) = $ 32450 20% 331/365 2.1463 = $ 12,631.95 For FY2016, the FBT tax rate is applicable at 49%. CFB (FBT liability for Periwinkle) = 12,631.95 *0.49 = $ 6,190 Loan fringe benefit These fringe benefits tend to come to existence when the employer provides financial loans to a particular employee at an interest which is lower than the corresponding rate which the RBA (Reserve Bank of Australia) prescribes on a periodic basis (Deutsch et. al., 2015). As indicated by TD 2015/8, the applicable RBA rate for the current rate is 5.65% (ATO, 2015). However, the interest rate charged by to Emma is just 4.45% and therefore by borrowing at a lower rate, Emma is able to garner interest rate savings. These interest rate savings in comparison with the RBA rate would be the defining quantum of loan fringe benefit (Sadiq et. al., 2016). Also, it needs to be considered that Emma did not have access to the loan for the complete year but only from 1st September, 2015. Thus, total days in FY2016 for which Emma enjoys the loan of $ 500,000 = March 31, 2016 September 1, 2015 = 213 days Interest savings for Emma due to lower interest rate by employer (Loan Fringe Benefit or LFB) = 500000*(5.65% - 4.45%)*(213/366) = $ 3,491.8 LFB (Grossed up value) = 3,491.8*1.9608 = $ 6,846.72 LFB (FBT liability for Periwinkle) = 6,846.72*0.49 = $ 3,355 Expense fringe benefit-Bathtub In accordance with the given case, Periwinkle has provided an item or personal usage i.e. bathtub to Emma for a subsidised price of $ 1,300 while the retail price of the bathtub is $ 2,600. Thus, since the employers action is leading to a savings on the expense of personal nature, thus this is an expense fringe benefit (CCH, 2013). As bathtub sales attracts GST, thus the applicable gross up factor would be 2.1463 (ATO, 2016a) Expense Fringe Benefit (Grossed up value) = (2600-1300)*2.1463 = $ 4,078 Expense Fringe Benefit (FBT liability for Periwinkle)= 4078*0.49 = $ 1.998 In the given case, Emma uses the $ 50,000 for producing income by indulging in share trade and hence incremental deduction on this would be available to Periwinkle the employer. (Nethercott, Richardson Devos, 2016). Incremental deduction for Periwinkle = 50000*(5.65% -4.45%) = $ 600 Thus, in the given case, the total FBT liability for Periwinkle would decrease by $ 600 in comparison to the above case. Reference: ATO 2015, TD 2015/8, Australian Taxation Office, Available online from https://law.ato.gov.au/atolaw/view.htm?docid=%22TXD%2FTD20158%2FNAT%2FATO%2F00001%22 (Accessed on September 20, 3016) ATO 2016a, Gross-up rates for FBT, Australian Taxation Office, Available online from https://www.ato.gov.au/rates/fbt/?page=3 (Accessed on September 20, 3016) ATO 2016b, Car fringe benefits statutory formula rates, Australian Taxation Office, Available online from https://www.ato.gov.au/rates/fbt/?page=4 (Accessed on September 20, 3016) Barkoczy,S 2015, Foundation of Taxation Law 2015, 7th eds., CCH Publications, North Ryde CCH 2013, Australian Master Tax Guide 2013, 51st eds., Wolters Kluwer, Sydney Deutsch, R, Freizer, M, Fullerton, I, Hanley, P, Snape, T 2015, Australian tax handbook 8th eds., Thomson Reuters, Pymont Gilders, F, Taylor, J, Walpole, M, Burton, M. Ciro, T 2016, Understanding taxation law 2016, 9th eds., LexisNexis/Butterworths. Nethercott, L, Richardson, G Devos, K 2016, Australian Taxation Study Manual 2016, 4th ed., Oxford University Press, Sydney, Sadiq, K, Coleman, C, Hanegbi, R, Jogarajan, S, Krever, R, Obst, W, and Ting, A 2014 ,Principles of Taxation Law 2014, 7th eds., Thomson Reuters, Pymont Wilmot, C 2012, FBT Compliance guide, 6th edn, CCH Australia Limited, North Ryde

Building Management Systems Essay Example

Building Management Systems Essay A BMS consists of software and hardware; the software program, usually configured in a hierarchical manner, can be proprietary, using such protocols as C-bus, Profibus, and so on. Vendors are also producing BMSs that integrate using Internet protocols and open standards such as DeviceNet, SOAP, XML, BACnet and Modbus. A BMS is most common in a large building. Its core function is to manage the environment within the building and may control temperature, carbon dioxide levels and humidity within a building. As a core function in most BMS systems, it controls heating and cooling, manages the systems that distribute this air throughout the building (for example by operating fans or opening/closing dampers), and then locally controls the mixture of heating and cooling to achieve the desired room temperature. A secondary function sometimes is to monitor the level of human-generated CO2, mixing in outside air with waste air to increase the amount of oxygen while also minimising heat/cooling losses. Systems linked to a BMS typically represent 40% of a buildings energy usage; if lighting is included, this number approaches 70%. BMS systems are a critical component to managing energy demand. Improperly configured BMS systems are believed to account for 20% of building energy usage, or approximately 8% of total energy usage in the United States. As well as controlling the buildings internal environment, BMS systems are sometimes linked to access control (turnstiles and access doors controlling who is allowed access and egress to the building) or other security systems such as closed-circuit television (CCTV) and motion detectors. We will write a custom essay sample on Building Management Systems specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Building Management Systems specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Building Management Systems specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Fire alarm systems and elevators are also sometimes linked to a BMS, for example, if a fire is detected then the system could shut off dampers in the ventilation system to stop smoke spreading and send all the elevators to the ground floor and park them to prevent people from using them in the event of a fire. In this report it is discussed the building management system (BMS) implemented in Administration Building of Trelleborg Lanka (Pvt) Ltd. It is a distributed control system with a computerized network of electronic devices. The BMS was setup is to control, monitor and optimize building service such as Lighting, Air conditioning, Fire security, CCTV system, etc. Main objectives were as follows. ? Good control of internal comfort conditions ? Zonal control ? Increased staff productivity ? Effective monitoring and targeting of energy consumption ? Effective response to HVAC-related complaints ? Flexibility on change of building use ? Central control and monitoring of building ? Time saving ? Low operating cost ? Efficient use of building resources and services Rapid alarm indication and fault diagnosis Systems linked to the BMS represent 80% of a buildings energy usage. Fire alarm systems and elevators are also linked to the BMS, for example, if a fire is detected then the system could shut off dampers in the ventilation system to stop smoke spreading and send all the elevators to the ground floor and park them to prevent people from using them in the event of a fire. The BMS comprises: ? Power system ? Li ghting system ? Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning system ? Security system Fire alarm system ? Elevators etc. 2. 0 SENSOR AND ACTUATORS USED ? Temperature Transducers [pic] [pic] ? Pressure sensors [pic] [pic] ? Humidity Sensor ? Differential Pressure sensors [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] ? Humidity Transducers [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] ? Level sensors ? CO2 sensor ? Flow Meter ? CCTV Cameras ? Light sensors ? Occupancy sensors ? Water Pumps ? Valve actuators ? Fans 3. 0 DETAILS OF CONTROLLERS/DDC USED Inputs allow the controller to read temperatures, humidity, pressure, air flow, and other essential factors. The outputs allow the controller to send command and control signals to slave devices, and to other parts of the system. Inputs and outputs are digital or analog. The BMS is facilitated with a System/Network controller as this is a Supermarket/Office building. System controllers provide general purpose feedback loops, as well as digital circuits. System/Network controllers are applied to control more mechanical systems such as an Air Handler Unit (AHU), boiler, chiller, etc. Terminal Unit controller is used for control of lighting. |POINT SCHEDULE -BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (TRELLEBORG LANKA (PVT) LTD |   |   |   |   |   |   | | | | | |DIGITA|DIGITA|ANALOG |ANALOG| | | | | | |L |L |INPUT |OUTPUT| | | | | | |INPUT |OUTPUT| | | | | | | | |DI |DO |AI | |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | | | | | | | | | [pic] 4. 0 SOFTWARE, GUI AND COMM UNICATION PROTOCOLS USED Open protocols were used. ? DeviceNet ? XML ? simple graphical interface 5. 0 DRAWBACKS OF THE SYSTEM ? Confusion is higher about responsibility of errors and faulty point identification when things go wrong since the open protocols were used. ? More than one points of contacts for any problem with BMS. ? Software and hardware was provided by different manufactures according to the requirements indicated in the point schedule. 6. 0 DISCUSSION The BMS implemented in Administration Building of Trelleborg Lanka (Pvt) Ltd comprises above mentioned mechanical and electrical services in order to provide the facilities necessary for maintaining a comfortable working environment. Basic controls took the form of manual switching, time clocks or temperature switches that provide the on and off signals for enabling pumps, fans or valves etc. The purpose of the Building Management System (BMS) was to automate and take control of these operations in the most efficient way possible for the occupiers, within the constraints of the installed plant. The BMS is a â€Å"stand alone† computer system that calculates the pre-set requirements of the building and control the connected plant to meet those needs. Its inputs, such as temperature sensors and outputs, such as on/off signals are connected into outstations around the building. Programmes within these outstations use this information to decide the necessary level of applied control. The level of control via the BMS is dependent upon the information received from its sensors and the way in which its programmes tell it to respond to that information. As well as offering a precise degree of control to its environment, it can be made to alarm on conditions that can’t meet specification or warn of individual items of plant failure. Occupancy times for different areas are programmed into the Building Management System such that the plant is brought on and off to meet the occupier requirements. These times are often under optimum start control. This means that the chilled water pumps, AHU, etc are enabled, at a varying predetermined time, to ensure that the cooled space is at the set desired temperature for the start of the day. The Building Automation System therefore, based on the outside air temperature the space temperature and the building structure, determines the AC plant start time. Occupied, Unoccupied are the two operating modes for the building automation system. Occupancy is usually based on time of day schedules. In Occupancy mode, the BMS aims to provide a comfortable climate and adequate lighting, often with zone-based control so that users on one side of a building have a different thermostat than users on the opposite side. A temperature sensor in the zone provides feedback to the controller, so it can deliver cooling as needed. Lighting can be turned on and off with the building automation system based on time of day by occupancy sensors and timers. One typical example is to turn the lights in a space on for a half hour since the last motion was sensed. A photocell placed outside a building can sense darkness, and the time of day, and modulate lights in outer offices and the parking lot. Air handlers mix return and outside air so less temperature change is needed. This can save money by using less chilled water. Some external air is needed to keep the buildings air healthy. Analog temperature sensors have been placed in the space, the return and supply air ducts. Actuators are placed on chilled water valves, the outside air and return air dampers. The supply fan is started and stopped based on temperatures and building pressures combination. The constant volume air handling unit, are used. CAVs open and close dampers and water-supply valves to maintain temperatures in the buildings spaces. They cool the spaces by opening or closing chilled water valves that feed their internal heat exchangers. Generally one CAV serves several spaces. Chilled water is used to cool a buildings air and equipment. The chilled water system has two chillers and pumps. Analog temperature sensors measure the chilled water supply and return lines. The chillers are sequenced on and off to chill the chilled water supply. Two cooling towers and pumps are used to supply cool condenser water to the chillers. The condenser water supply to the chillers has to be constant so, speed drives are used on the cooling tower fans to control temperature. Proper cooling tower temperature assures the proper refrigerant head pressure in the chiller. Analog temperature sensors measure the condenser water supply and return lines. The building automation system has alarm capabilities. If an alarm is detected, it is programmed to notify someone. Notification is through a computer and audible alarm. Fire and smoke alarm systems are hard-wired to override building automation. The hot water system supplies heat to hot water heating coils. The hot water system has a boiler and pumps. Analog temperature sensors are placed in the hot water supply. The boiler and pumps are sequenced on and off to maintain supply. Name : A. P. W. Jayasekara(09/8660) P. G. C. Karunathilake(09/8663) W. M. A. S. Wijethunga(09/8678) T. N. Walpita(09/8676) Course : MSc in Electrical Engineering-Department of Electrical Engineering, University Of Moratuwa. Lec. By : Prof. Lanka Udawatta. Date : 2010-08-14 ASSIGNMENT Building Management System – EE5118

Descriptive Essay on a Piece of Art

Descriptive Essay on a Piece of Art Descriptive Essay on a Piece of Art Very few paintings today are as popular as Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa. There may be very many painters today, some of whom may be more skilled than Leonardo; however, there is yet to be a painter who can express facial features on a piece of art as Leonardo did. For instance, Mona Lisa’s smile has been a subject of much debate, given the many articles that have been written to try and describe this smile. Leonardo’s other work of art, christened the Lady with Ermine, also presents facial features in an outstanding manner. An examination of the Mona Lisa in the present day reveals that the painting has indeed had better days. The original color of the painting appears faded and is almost gone and this is perhaps the reason why the original painting has been repainted at least three times. The painting does not appear to be clean and this can be observed in the greenish glaze on the painting. The repainting of the painting and the greenish glaze makes the painting somewhat different from what Leonardo originally painted. In a bid to understand the Mona Lisa, artists have continued to question the identity of Mona Lisa. The Mona Lisa has so far been associated with more than 10 different women and some professionals have even stated that she may have been a lover of Leonardo. Some artists have even proposed that the painting depicts a boy and not necessarily a woman as it so obviously appears to be. Some of the interesting descriptions of the painting are that it is Leonardo’s mother, Catherina, his daughter, or even his son. Some artists have even recently described the painting as a self-portrait. Despite its age and the confusion over who is depicted in the painting, the Mona Lisa is still regarded as one of the most popular paintings in the world of today. The painting has indeed stood the test of time and has been written about and reproduced more than any other painting in the world. The famous painting is currently being exhibited in the Louvre museum, Paris, in a temperature and humidity controlled box that has been embedded in concrete. The museum protects the painting using two sheets of bulletproof glass that have been triple laminated. Even with this high level of care and security accorded to the painting, the museum has placed a couple of guards next to the painting whose main job is to control the flow of the crowd. Given the high level of protection and care granted to the Mona Lisa painting, it is accurate to state that the authentic Mona Lisa is difficult to see. This is especially so because of the huge crowd of tourists who gather in front of this painting every day when the museum is open as well as the numerous flashes from the cameras of the tourists. More than nine million tourists flock the museum on an annual basis just to get a glimpse of the famous painting. Tips on writing a descriptive essay on a Piece of Art: Writing descriptive essays is like writing narrative essays, in the sense that both paint a picture for the reader to imagine. Therefore, you have to show your readers through words what you want to describe, not just tell about it. What you should tell the readers is what you are going to describe in your essay in the introductory paragraph, so that they are not confused. You can buy Art essay written from scratch by academic experts at custom essay writing service. Just fill in the order form with all paper details.

Artistic and Psychological Experiments

The paper will aim to review the journal on psychology regarding synesthesia. Synesthesia is a condition whereby a feature such as a shape like a letter A and B evoke a perception of another condition e. A can evoke the red color while B evokes the blue color on an individual's perception (Dick, 2014). Another definition is that synesthesia is a phenomenon in which an individual experiences unusual perception evoked y the activation of unrelated sensory modality or through a cognitive process (Malim, 2011). According to the author, tests performed by Baron-Cohen, Burt Smith and Harrison established the authenticity of artificial colors. Regardless of the tests, the author states that it is still not clear at what stage the visual of color processing stream is evoked. The article tries to answer the above dilemma by posting questions as to whether it involves relating to high levels of mental association and memories or if the colors are evoked earlier in visual processing and imbued with qualia (Malim, 2011).   The article explains that tests that involved the use of embedded shapes tasks, identified that synthetically stimulated colors could lead to pop-out and texture segregation, this shows that there is perceptual evidence for synesthesia. The author cites another test conducted by Hubbard and Ramachadran (2010) in which they encountered two synesthesias at least, who saw colors in numbers that do not exist in the real world. This test indicates that synesthesia may not be as a result of acquired learning but rather the individual's perception. In the article, various theories have made efforts to explain the synesthesia phenomenon. Such theory includes the cross-sectional theory. The theory suggests that synesthesia comes about as a result of cross-activation of between posterior temporal grapheme areas (PTGA) and the color processing area known as the V4. The disinhibited feedback theory explains that synesthesia arises from the disinhibiting of pre-existing feedback connections. The author highlights that similar finding such as those put forward by the cross-sectional theory, re-appeared during the test conducted by Hubbard and Ramachadran in 2010. The author includes another experiment that consisted of four participants who were asked to read the right words they would spot among a list of reversed words and wrong words. The test found that the average error rate for synthetics as 0.03% while that for non-synthetics stood at 23.8%. The author adds that during the same test some of the participants remarked that they first noticed the color before they could identify the shapes of the letters, and they used the color to clue them on the letters. This test concluded that the four synthetics of grapheme are processed unconsciously up to the fusiform and the cross-activate the color cells in V4 before the information is transmitted higher up where the color is used to infer the grapheme (Dark, 2009). The experiment also concluded that in projector synthesis, the phenomenon seems to occur at earlier in sensory processing. The initial stages of letter processing, the visual inputs are used to trigger the component features of the letters (the lines and curves). The trigger leads to the activation of all letter and character that consist of all or some of the component features. Therefore following this logic, the participants managed to identify the right words through processing the synthetic colors relatively earlier and sending the extra information to a higher level of sensory processing, and thus providing additional insight into reading the distorted words and backward-written texts (Baron-Cohen & Harrison, 2014). The author has managed to deliver the overall understanding of the synesthesia phenomenon through the support of several pieces of research, experiments, and theories cited by other authors. The use of pictures in the article further enhances the understanding of the phenomenon as well as the degree at which the experiments were conducted. The statistical data incorporated in the literature has also contributed to the genuineness of the findings. The structure of the article seems more of a review rather than a research as it relies heavily on other researchers work rather than the author's findings or experiments. However, the article's structure is well simplified and can deliver the point easily to the leader. The over reliance on other people's work brings about the question of credibility as some findings may be structured in a biased way. Cases where such issues of credibility arise include, the Ramachandran way of personifying characters and letters. She suggested that according to her perception, letter A seems to be the jealous one while B is quiet and non-assertive (Campen, 2010). Such findings leave the reader with a question as to whether the synesthesia phenomenon is learned or is dependent upon the individual's way of viewing life. The article has managed to deliver the most relevant points to the reader. This is due to its simplicity in writing and structure. However, the credibility of the findings still remains questionable. Baron-Cohen, S. & Harrison, J. (2014).  Synaesthesia  (1st ed.). Cambridge, Mass: Blackwell. Campen, C. (2010).  Artistic and psychological experiments with synesthesia  (1st ed.). Cognition, Object Formation, Speech Perception, Time Perception, Visual Attention, Visual Information Processing, Visual Memory. (2009).  Perception & Psychophysics,  71(1), 3-4. https://dx.doi.org/10.3758/app.71.1.3 Dark, V. (2009). Switching between memory and perception: Moving attention or memory retrieval?.  Memory & Cognition,  18(2), 119-127. https://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03197088 Dick, A. (2014). Iconic memory and its relation to perceptual processing and other memory mechanisms.  Perception & Psychophysics,  16(3), 575-596. https://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03198590 Malim, T. (2011).  Cognitive processes  (1st ed.). London: Macmillan.

Better understanding of quality costing or cost of quality can lead to Essay

Better understanding of quality costing or cost of quality can lead to process improvement, improved financial performance, and enhanced customer satisfaction - Essay Example The concept of Total Quality management as defined in the paper illustrates how theoretical understanding of quality costing may help explain the actions of industries in practice. The fast growing economy of nations in different parts of the world has reached a point where quality becomes just as significant as quantity. Pike and Barnes (1996) argue that the low wages of the employees are shooting and at one particular point in time they will no longer be able to captivate foreign direct investments. To be well prepared, many companies from different nations should aim at the quality already prepared today. However, the quality knowhow is still somewhat not understood by many people and by many industries (Crosby 1990). One way to ensure that it’s more concrete is by calculating quality cost. Lighter and Fair (2004) define Quality cost as a measure of how expensive it is for the organization to lack in quality in any possible way. This however, contradicts the Crosby’s (1990) statement of free quality. This shows clearly that quality is never free but may be cheaper in the long run. The concept of free quality makes it possible to understand quality costing and to put into considerations which areas should be prioritized in the quality development work (Horch 2003). This research paper makes an attempt to bring out vividly the quality of cost of different companies. Based on the argument of the calculated quality costs areas of improvement are suggested to the management. This case study brings out clearly that the company’s improvement efforts can be channeled to where they make the best use. Experienced significance and obstacles when using quality cost calculations to define a quality development work in industries are then outlined (Thorpe 2005). Dale and Plunkett (1999) confirm that the company’s quality maturity is always relatively low. For this reason the development suggestion

Childhood Obesity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Childhood Obesity - Research Paper Example It is believed that having an overweight parent doubles the risk of childhood obesity while obesity in both parents increases the risk of child obesity further. Socio-economic status of the family increases the child obesity risks further due to the behaviors and lifestyles involved (Perry et.al, 2012). With the rising prevalence of child obesity of the age of 9 years across the globe, it is important for researchers to understand all underlying pathways which may be the cause of the child obesity. The study also aims at determining the correlation that exists between the family socio-economic status, parental weight status and childhood obesity for children at the age of 9. Sampling method is the statistical method used in this research. In this method, the sample size was obtained from the study group randomly. Experimental method was used to obtain the required data. The sampling method was used prior to the research where the researchers used it to obtain the sample size for use while the experimental method was used in carrying out the actual survey. STATA Software is the statistical tool used in the statistical analysis. A study sample of 8,568 nine year children growing up in Ireland was used. Initially 1,105 primary schools out of 3200 were selected at random by the use of the sampling method. A random sample of 8,568 children was then obtained from the selected schools. ... The experimental method was used in the collection of the data from the sampled size in order to obtain all indicators of obesity in children (Perry et.al, 2012). Descriptive or parametric method of statistical analysis was used in the research. This type of statistical analysis helped the researchers to obtain the required data which is through the description of the observed data. This type of statistical analysis helped the researchers come up with numerical data of weights to determine the obesity indicators. The statistical methods used in the research are not that tiresome and are appropriate for this kind of study, and this is another reason as to why the researchers chose them. These statistical methods are also accurate in terms of the data obtained, and the use of them in research will see to a valid research findings and results. STATA is the statistical tool which has been employed in this study. In this tool, the probability weights were applied using the survey data com mand in order to account for complex survey design. The researchers chose this the descriptive or parametric method as it helps in the summarization of a sample data. The method also sets descriptive coefficients of the given data which are then used in summarizing the numerical data obtained. The data in this case is numerical since the researchers obtained numerical figures on the risk factor indicators of obesity in children. The tool used also helped the researchers to obtain the social demographic variables required for the study, helped them to perform unadjusted multinomial logistic regression which would then be used to determine the risk of childhood overweight compared to their family’s

The Moves That Matter in Academic Writing Essay Example for Free

The Moves That Matter in Academic Writing Essay In the introduction to â€Å"They Say/ I Say†: the Moves That Matter in Academic Writing, Gerald Graff and Cathy Birkenstein provide templates designed to help with academic thinking and writing. Specifically, Graff and Birkenstein argue that the types of writing templates they offer realistically help set up a conversation and argument. As the authors themselves put it, â€Å"In our view, then, the best academic writing has one underlying feature: it is deeply engaged in some way with other peoples views. † Although some people believe to sound intelligent you must state your claim and provide facts on why your claim is true, Graff and Birkenstein insist that to â€Å"play it safe and avoid controversy in your writing† is lifeless. In sum, then, their view is that if you are going to write, write to stir controversy and cause discussion, along with giving the basics to master good academic writing. I agree, in my view, the types of templates that the authors recommend invite people to start conversation and learn different points of views as well as teaching others, and the templates themselves gives people the opportunity to hone the skills of academic writing. For instance, when using the template for writing they get us to include the opposition’s possible belief or rebuttal to our own points, which in return force us as the writer to look beyond just our thoughts and look through other’s eyes. Some might object, of course, on the grounds that our creativity when using templates would be greatly diminished. Yet I would argue that the templates simply give us a cornerstone to start with, and we can build our paper off of it as creative as we want. Overall, then, I believe the templates simply help us practice to become better writers much like practicing sports when you first begin playing, to become the best we can be.

Is Violent Revolution the Answer? :: The Last Supper Slavery Racism Essays

Is Violent Revolution the Answer? Tomà ¡s Gutià ©rrez Alea’s La Última Cena (The Last Supper) The ideas I intend to express in the following paper are in no way meant to make allowances for the practices of slavery or racism. As I begin this paper, I feel the need to remind the reader that I find slavery, in all of its forms, to be an oppressive and terrible institution. I unwaveringly believe that for centuries, including this one, the narrow-mindedness that slavery has perpetrated is one of the most terrible humiliations leveled upon our civilization. These views are meant only to assess and illuminate the construction of slavery in film. When it comes to films concerning slavery, the role of the filmmaker as educator is significantly heightened. Very often, slavery films unconditionally disparage whites as oppressive forces and stereotype the white class as uniformly tyrannical. The sympathetic, yet comparatively powerless, whites in this arrangement are frequently left out, giving credence to a stance that portrays race as a division between villains and martyrs. While I see an effort in Tomà ¡s Gutià ©rrez Alea’s The Last Supper to move beyond these depictions, how successful the film rises above the typically extreme constructions of character in the slave film is a difficult judgment, particularly for a film from a Cuban director during the Cold War. For John Mraz, the representation of history in Tomà ¡s Alea’s The Last Supper is commendable work. Mraz believes that the film joins a cinematic compilation where â€Å"films meet many of our expectations about what history ought to be† (120). Mraz maintains his praise of Alea’s historical constructions, asserting that the way the film addresses history is impartial and objective: â€Å"The Last Supper follows the classic model of both written and filmed history in insisting on the reality of the world that it has in fact created, however much this universe has resulted from research. The major convention of such history is that it has opened a window onto the past rather than constructed a particular version of it† (121). While I have no qualms with Mraz’s assessment of the uses of the film’s construction of history on the Cuban plantation, I find that the window Mraz speaks of offers a much more vague version of reality than Mraz indicate s initially. The validation of slavery by the white people in the film comes off as ridiculous, and yet the abstract strategies to defend slavery that are at work in the film coincide with the arguments used by slavery allies throughout the nineteenth century.

Pancho Villa

In the early morning of March 9, 1916, Pancho Villa crossed the U. S. border and into history. On that day, Villa launched the first attack on American soil since the War of 1812, killing 18 Americans and leaving the small New Mexican town of Columbus in flames. Among the dead was one-time Las Crucen Charles D. Miller, a 1906 graduate of the New Mexico College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts and brother of college registrar 1. 0. Miller. When the unidentified body was removed from the ruins of the hotel, his Masonic ring was recognized by a Mason in the rescue party and was found to be engraved n the inside with Miller's name,† the Rio Grande Republican reported. Much of the town turned out for his funeral at the Masonic cemetery in Las Cruces. His death and the raid on the fellow border town shocked Las Cruces, though many of its citizens and college students had actively served along the border in the National Guard as civil war raged in Mexico.It was Just one of several con nections Las Cruces had with the Mexican Revolution and Pancho Villa, who is the focus of a new exhibit at the Branigan Cultural Center. James Hester, a professor emeritus of anthropology at the University of Colorado, will ick off the photo exhibit this Saturday with a talk about Villa at the cultural center, which will also present a special showing of a Villa documentary on March 9. Cruces connection Almost a hundred years after the raid, Villa remains a controversial and complicated fgure. A state nature park near Columbus even bears his name, despite the brutal raid on the town. The raid wasn't the first time Las Cruces telt the impact ot the Mexican Revolution that nad start up Just as New Mexico was finally becoming a state. In late 1911, the one-time-bandit-turned-revolutionary had sided with newly elected resident Francisco Madero. By the following spring, anti-Madero forces led by a disgruntled Gen. Pasqual Orozco had captured most of Chihuahua, except for the city of Parr al still held by Villa.Among Villa's troops was the Mesilla-born Thomas Fountain, the son of Col. Albert J. Fountain, one of the Mesilla Valley's most important 19th century figures, who was murdered along with his 9-year old son Henry in 1896. Thomas, whose mother had deep family ties in Chihuahua, was one of hundreds of â€Å"foreign† fghters and mercenaries who'd Joined the charismatic revolutionary Villa. That group also included one of the valley's more unusual new immigrants, former Boer War leader Benjamin VilJoen of South Africa, who Joined with Madero as a military advisor.In early April 1912, Orozco's forces were close to taking Parral, and were trying to place a cannon on a strategically vital point overlooking the city. But Fountain, manning a machine gun, single-handedly thwarted their efforts. The Villistas were forced from the city two days later, yet Fountain remained behind in his adopted hometown and was captured. Bad for business Though American diplomatic efforts initially stopped his execution, the Rio Grande Republican reported Fountain's captors allowed him to flee, under the dubious â€Å"law of flight,† only to shoot him in the back in the streets of Parral.His killing made national headlines and outraged Americans, among them one of New Mexico's first senators, Albert Fall, who had a complicated relationship not only with Villa and the Mexican revolution, but the Fountain family as well. As a new senator, the bilingual Fall put himself forward as an expert on Mexico, ultimately heading up the Senate subcommittee on Mexican affairs. Fall had been a long-time bitter foe of Thomas' father, and in 1898 had successfully efended the men accused of his murder. At the urging ot Thomas' brother, Albert, Fall t accountability for the execution. d to get some kind ot Fall, who'd started his legal career in Las Cruces, was among other locals with extensive business dealings in Mexico that were threatened by the continued political i nstability. Eugene Van Patten, a former county sheriff, â€Å"Indian fighter,† and co-founder of the local New Mexico Militia, owned the Dripping Springs resort where Villa reportedly visited at least once. In 1914, the Rio Grande Republican reported Van Patten and county assessor Duara Peacock secured a valuable contract to buy seized Mexican cotton directly from Villa.Another account reports Van Patten met with Villa in Juarez that same year to urge the release of an American-born prisoner Pedro Chaves, the son of wealthy Albuquerque wool merchant Amado Chaves. From hero to villain Any friendly relations with Villa, who many along the America border saw as a sort of revolutionary folk hero, evaporated with the raid on Columbus. The motivations behind the raid remain unclear. After the assassination of Modero in 1913, Villa initially won battlefield victories in orthern Mexico.But by 1916, he was mostly on the run, with the U. S. government supporting his foe, interim presid ent Venustiano Carranza. Some believe Villa needed the weaponry and supplies he knew were held in Columbus by a small contingent of the 13th U. S. Cavalry. His forces did seize horses and supplies, and at least 80 were killed in the one-hour attack. A half dozen Villistas were captured and executed in Deming in June 1916, and a large American expeditionary force led by Gen. John J. Pershing was soon in Mexico searching for the elusive Villa.The college newspaper the Round Up reported many of its students were among that force, which at different times based itself in or near Las Cruces. â€Å"Scores of Aggies, alumni, and old students (have) responded to the call. The plow, hoe, the slide rule and transit, were laid aside, the khaki was donned and with gun and bayonet they went forth to keep Pancho Villa on his own side of the line,† the paper reported Villa remained out of the hands of Pershing, who by early 1917 was heading over to Europe with America's entry into World War l, where some of those same Aggies would serve and die.

M.U.N. Position Paper: Algeria’s Stance on ISIS Essay

Algeria is home to millions of people, including those of all faiths. As one of North Africa’s leading military powers, our government swore to protect the people of Algeria. However, the recent encroachment of the ISIL group throughout much of Syria and Iraq has caused major concerns throughout the international community. ISIL is growing stronger everyday, and they have been encouraging jihad towards western countries. It is the duty of Algeria to ensure the safety of our citizens, and action must be taken to destroy this cancer. Recently, the self-proclaimed Jund Al-Khilafah in Syria group has executed a French citizen. Algeria feels strongly against jihad. It is a shame that Algerian men who have been blinded by ISIL were involved in such an incident. Algeria takes a firm stance against the actions undertaken by ISIL. Algeria has been building strong relationships with many of its European neighbors to the north. The implementation of the European Neighborhood Policy has r esulted in us developing closer ties to many European powers. We stand by our European allies in these dangerous times. However, Algeria is not yet ready to commit military resources towards directly fighting ISIS. Algeria must deal with domestic terrorism issues first before going through with any plan to fight ISIS. Even though these domestic terrorist groups have pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr Al-Baghdadi, Algeria has built up a military capable of defending its people. We have the second strongest military in North Africa, and we maintain arms deals with European powers. We have a standing army of about 150,000 soldiers, with another 150,000 in reserve. Algeria also has multiple paramilitary wings, including approximately 200,000 additional personnel. We are capable of joining the international coalition in airstrikes against Syria due to our deals with Russia. Russia, throughout the years, has sold us multiple bombers and fighter jets, allowing us to hit ground targets from above. There is no question that Algeria would be capable of defending us from the clutches of ISIL. While Algeria is capable to launching airstrikes on ISIS targets along with the international community, to join the coalition in airstrikes against the ISIL threat is still a premature move. Our primary concern is the safety of our citizens, and we do not wish to aggravate a hornet nest. Note: I apologize for it being less than two pages.

Cultural Barriers within Healthcare Services Essay Example

Cultural Barriers within Healthcare Services Essay Example Cultural Barriers within Healthcare Services Paper Cultural Barriers within Healthcare Services Paper According to Health Resources Services Administration, sixty-five to seventy-five percent of all patients seen in a non-profit healthcare clinic live below the poverty level. Providing effective health care to low income families requires an understanding of the potential cultural barriers, which may be faced. These barriers include social, language, religion, and technological issues. The majority of our patients from foreign cultures are Hispanic or Asian. Due to this fact, we will discuss the barriers of dealing with those from Hispanic and Asian Cultures, and offer possible solutions to overcome these obstacles effectively. The number of immigrants entering the United States has been rapidly increasing over the last few years. For instance, the number of Asians in the United States has grown to more than 9 million in 1996. In 1996, there were over 28 million Hispanics in the United States, and the numbers are only increasing. The rapid growth of these two cultures in United States has made overcoming cultural barriers crucial in managing a non-profit healthcare clinic. A predominate social barrier in dealing with those from the Asian culture is their reluctance to disclose personal information to anyone outside of their family. Due to this, they may not be honest and forth coming in giving physicians or other medical staff personal or critical information needed for their treatment. When it comes to healthcare for Asian women, they do not seek out medical care for Gynecological exams because they feel it is an invasion of their body and considered improper and very humiliating for the women. Differences between Asian culture and the American culture are the majority of health issues of Asians are not often addressed in the American health care system. However, the Asian culture is not the only culture that is facing social and economic barriers to healthcare. With the numbers of immigrants increasing, what can we do to ensure that our clinic will be able to address the social and economic issues of all patients? First, we will need to hire someone to act as a cultural liaison, who not only has knowledge about the differing cultures, but can also speak the language. Second, we will need to address these issues and barriers with our clients to successfully seek out ways to eliminate any future barriers we may face. Our educational programs will address issues that range from preventing sexual diseases, use of birth control, and understanding your body all the way to addressing the needs of children. We plan to make our clinic accessible to all low-income families by assuring our potential clients that we are not interested in their legal status, but in the health of their families. We believe by making the clinic’s fees based on a schedule of one’s income, that we are making healthcare affordable for everyone. The 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (1996 Welfare Act†) was the major overhaul of the welfare system that many Americans were looking for to decrease the many who are taking advantage of their hard earned money. One of the main points in the welfare reform legislation deters non- citizens from applying for public assistance. Even if they are eligible, they may fear that receiving public benefits will make them inadmissible or deportable. The many health problems that are prevalent in the Hispanic population are due to lack of adequate health care programs available to non-citizens. Due to that lack of citizenship, they are ineligible for federal health assistance programs such as Medicaid, even if their incomes are low enough to qualify. The lack of availability of health care in the Hispanic population is mainly due to their citizenship status; even with low incomes, Hispanics are ineligible for health care programs such as Medicaid. Non-profit health care clinics do not fall under the Public Charge Law, they are exempt from having to verify immigration status, even if they provide a federal, state, or local public service, and they may not be penalized for not verifying immigration status. State and local governments may not impose verification requirements on such organizations. To be exempt, an organization must be both nonprofit and charitable. With over 600 community and non-profit health centers around the United States, the undocumented populations are assured good quality care without having to worry about being turned into the INS. One of the first types of health center being excluded from the Public Charge Law were Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHC) with the average number of undocumented aliens served a month being 4,316, at the cost of only $3,258 for all (Bureau of Primary Health Care). Another common barrier between cultures is the difference in language. According to the 1990 United States Census Bureau, almost 2,300 people in Oklahoma over the age of 18 do not speak any English. Over 48,000 of Oklahomans are Spanish speaking. One problem language barriers create is the inability of the patients to communicate with the physician. Often, the physician is unable to clearly understand the symptoms the patient is describing. According to Charles Warren, an anesthesia technician at Mercy Health Center, only 8% of the doctors in the hospitals are multilingual. The breakdown in communication between the doctor and patient can multiply the possibilities of a misdiagnosis. This can cause harm to the patient and make doctors vulnerable to malpractice lawsuits. Another danger, associated with a language barrier, is the possibility of the patients misunderstanding the doctor’s instructions for the medication. A solution for this would be to provide an interpreter to assist the doctor while treating this patient. Many healthcare facilities, such has Mercy Hospital, have a variety of employees who are multilingual, so they may be called upon to provide translation between and doctor and a patient. The hospital’s MIS (Medical Information System) tracks these employees. One option currently available is known as a translator box. It is a service available where the attending physician calls an 800 number and is connected with the interpreter company, the physician informs the company what language he/she needs, and within minutes an interpreter for that particular language is online and ready to assist the physician as needed. Another problem is if the patient cannot read or speak English, they cannot understand the forms they must fill out in order to receive financial assistance for healthcare. The government or insurance agencies that require these forms should distribute these forms in needed languages to all health care facilities, or make them available on a website where the language needed can be chosen and then the forms can be printed. A non-profit health center must have a strategy for dealing with religious barriers. For instance, the Mexican cultural mainly practices Catholicism and attends mass regularly. Catholic doctrine states, â€Å"Direct action to prevent the possibility of human life is impermissible in all circumstances, both when a person is living, dying, or yet to be conceived. Thus contraception may not be used because it is direct action against the possibility of life†. Catholicism even goes so far as to publish an online directory called â€Å"Ethics and Meds†. In â€Å"Ethics and Meds†, they offer books that can be purchased like â€Å"Ethical Principle In Catholic Health Care† which adds the point that the Catholic Church wants its congregation to follow guidelines set by the Church. The physician who is legally and morally bound to follow a set standard in providing health care will provide the patient with the needed information regarding birth control. The responsibility should rest, however, on the patient to inform the physician about their religious beliefs regarding birth control Society usually looks towards a licensed doctor to get advice and heal us. When dealing with the Asian person who practices Buddhism, they must take into account that some strands of this religion have a potential for incorporating religion into their beliefs of healing and restoration of health, for example; healing of the soul, and Acupuncture and Bowen Therapy may be two of those ways to heal the soul. Using acupuncture releases the energy channels by putting pressure on a diseased area. Doctors or a therapist uses a needle to prick the skin regulate and correct the flow of energy in the body. The second one is Bowen Therapy, a subtle muscle/nerve/ connective tissue technique. Unlike massage and other manipulations that try to force a change, Bowen simply resets the body to heal itself. The results are profound and lasting, and usually apparent within two or three sessions. A clinic may want to incorporate these different services for its Buddhist patients. When dealing with these two different religions a non-profit health care clinic must find different ways of helping the patient. The patient needs to be forthright in mentioning how they need to be treated. For instance, a practicing Catholic needs to mention to the doctor that they will not need any information on birth control or family planning. A practicing Buddhist should mention they use holistic medicine. The doctor needs to take the initiative to learn about the religious issues so that he/she can practice, or employ a licensed alternative practitioner to provide these services. Today’s medical technology, if available and used properly, can be a huge benefit in operating and managing a low-income healthcare center. Doctor’s skills, along with the latest medical technology have accounted for saving many lives. Many of the Latino counties are considered third world countries and the people there often do not have access to the latest advances in medical technology. Most are not aware they exist. Many times a person of the Latino culture will not seek medical assistance due to the fact they believe there is nothing the doctors can do for them. Many low-income Latinos suffer for a long time with ailments that can result in permanent effects and even death. Not being aware of the latest advances in medical technology, many feel they are better off attempting to treat themselves with a homemade remedy. These remedies are often ineffective and can even make matters worse. Medical education programs that inform people of advances in medical technology need to be more readily available for patients. These programs inform the patients of the benefits of today’s medical technology, and educate them on the numerous ways the doctors can treat the patients effectively. In doing this, patients from less advanced cultures are often willing to seek medical attention promptly. Often a doctor who went to medical school in a third world country is not instructed in the latest in medical technology. In extenuating circumstances, these doctors are allowed visas to the United States as long as the doctor works in an area, which is designated as a HPSA (health physician shortage area). These doctors, not being aware of the technology available to them in the United States, often rely on older and less effective methods of treating patients. In conclusion, we have addressed the social, language, religion, and technological barriers facing a non-profit health care center that affect the Hispanic and Asian cultures. We have also provided solutions to overcome those barriers in providing health care. If non-profit health care centers will incorporate the resolutions, they would be able to effectively provide quality health care to the Asian and Hispanic population. 1. Factors Affecting the Health of Women of Color, 4women. gov/owh/pub/woc/ hispanic. htm 2. Karen A. Woodrow and Jeffrey S. Passel, Post-IRCA undocumented immigration to the United States: â€Å"An Assessment Based on the June 1988 CPS†, p. 53, 3. Bean, Edmonston, and Passel, Undocumented Migration to the U. S. Washington, The RAND Corporation 1990 4. Miller, Theodore Jr. , Holistic Health, â€Å"Medical Irony at Its Best†, http://reikimaster. net/holistic 5. National Catholic Bioethics Center, Ethical Principle in Catholic Health Care, nbcenter. org/cubs_ethicalpriciple. html

Servant Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Servant Leadership - Essay Example Moreover, an effective leader needs to be mature internally because inner maturity makes a leader take correct decisions regarding any kind of situation. Worldview and inner maturity also play their roles in the achievement of desired sets of goals and objectives. Without having an understanding of these concepts, it is impossible for a leader to make a successful struggle towards achievement of goals. Inner maturity makes a leader learn from experiences. Effective leaders consider the deficiencies of the previous strategies while making up new plans. Some of the core qualities of a leader who has the powers of inner maturity and emotional intelligence include creativity, integrity, dedication, openness, listening to the concerns of others, intelligence, visionary outlook, and good communication skills. A leaders’ moral foundation reflects the positive aspects of his or her personality to other people. Inner maturity makes a person serve other people by listening to their conc erns. Inner maturity and personal worldview are two of the main qualities of a servant leader. A servant leader is a person who can see the bigger picture of the issues by considering all positive and negative aspects of the issues, social constructs, and moral perceptions. â€Å"Worldview denotes the complex of beliefs, concepts, sense of order and social constructs, role-models and moral precepts which are unique and peculiar in comparison to other such complexes of other such socio-cultural groupings† (Jenkins, 2006). Inner maturity, on the other hand, makes a leader lead people in every field of life by setting his or her own example. There are some key components, which need to be the part of the qualities of an effective leader with high levels of inner maturity and personal worldview. Those components include motivation to help people, ability to give individual consideration, idealized influence, and intellectual stimulation. Inner maturity helps a person develop the qualities of trust, belief, and reliance. Therefore, inner maturity and worldview helps a leader achieve the goals successfully because they provide a source of inspiration for the followers of the leader. 2 Before going to identify and explain two philosophical worldviews and one religious worldview that can support servant leadership, let us get a better understanding what servant leadership actually is. Mallory (n.d.) states, â€Å"Servant leadership is a business philosophy in which managers and other people in positions of authority strive to act as servants to those who are subordinate to them†. Servant leadership is such style of leadership, which makes the subordinates feel valued when the leaders consider their needs and concerns while setting up their strategies. â€Å"This style of leadership often involves trying to meet the needs of the employees or members of a manager’s organization† (Mallory, n.d.). Some key aspects of servant leadership include dedication, taking care of individual concerns, addressing and analyzing crisis, giving priority to individual benefits, life-long learning ability, and showing enthusiasm towards goal achievement. McCrimmon (n.d.) states, â€Å"Servant leadership also has paternalistic overtones as it suggests doing things for employees rather than helping them to think for themselves†. Servant leaders are the sources of inspiration for their people and the people look towards them for guidance. They work for employees’

LA Cuisine Marketing Report Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

LA Cuisine Marketing Report - Coursework Example It has a wide range of meals to suite all individuals and workouts. The main offering that the restaurant make includes protein booster for body builders, slim fat meals for people who intend to lose weight, high crab meal for those taking endurance training, and low meals for the one who want to acquire a lean body and muscle. The restaurants will offer the customers with advice on the best meals that fit their workout. The restaurants will offer three meals breakfast, lunch, and dinner (Loudon, Stevens, and Bruce, 2004). a. Marketing plan overview Marketing refers to a method of determining the value for ones products or services and taking the appropriate procedure to communicate the information to customers. Before deciding on the price that one will offer in the market, a reasonable analysis should be conducted on the target group or customers. LA Cuisine has clearly identified the target group and analyzed their needs. The restaurants will, therefore, make substantial returns d ue to proper selection of a unique opportunity (Loudon, Stevens, and Bruce, 2004). The researcher who will have the responsibility of marketing the restaurants should put into consideration The Four Ps. These include product, price, place, and promotion. For the researcher to emerge with the best marketing method that LA Cuisine should adopt, they should concentrate emerging with an appropriate marketing plan. Products refer to the commodities that the entity will offer. Price is the charges that the management will be implementing for every commodity or service. Place is the location of the entity where the business will take place. Promotion refers to the various strategies that the business will offer to help people find about the product. Where the researcher concentrates on the above, LA Cuisine will be successful to dominate the market of serving their customers with the best services (Website marketing plan, 2012). Marketing objectives The objectives set out the goals that th e business wants to achieve in the course of the marketing process. LA Cuisine should aim at attaining various objectives that will lead to success and comprise of both corporate and functional objectives. Corporate objectives are the one that concern the business as a whole, while functional objectives are the objectives for various marketing activities. For a business to be successful, the objectives should conform to the SMART criteria below (McDonald, and Wilson, 2011). 1. Specific- the objectives should state exactly what should be achieved. 2. Measurable- the objectives should be flexible in a manner that the management can measure them. It should be possible for the management to determine if they achieve their objective. 3. Achievable- the various laid out objectives should be realistic. They should conform to the resources of the entity. 4. Relevant- the objectives should have material relevance to the staff who have the responsibility of achieving them. 5. Time Bound- the management should set the objectives with a time-frame in mind. This will ensure that the management sets realistic and attainable deadlines for various objectives. LA Cuisine should follow the above criteria to achieve the set objectives. With a strict adherence to the above criteria, the company will derive fruitful results in achieving the stipulated results. Marketing ethics This is a field that deals with the various moral principles that govern regulation and